By Sitaram Mewati | Mumbai
The monsoon brings relief from the summer heat, but increased humidity, dampness, mould and dust mites can also trigger allergies and respiratory infections. Sneezing, blocked or runny nose, cough, itchy eyes and throat irritation are common during the rainy season. While the symptoms can look similar, their causes and treatment can be different.
According to Dr Shivraj Pataria, allergies occur when the immune system reacts excessively to substances such as mould spores, dust mites, pollen and other environmental allergens. Damp conditions during the monsoon can encourage mould growth and increase exposure to these triggers.
“Allergies are more likely to cause repeated sneezing, itching of the nose or eyes, watery eyes and a clear runny nose. Fever is generally not associated with an allergic reaction,” said Dr Pataria.
Allergic symptoms may continue for days or weeks and can return when a person is exposed to a particular trigger. People with allergic rhinitis, asthma or other allergic conditions may experience worsening symptoms during periods of high humidity and dampness.
Infections, meanwhile, are caused by viruses, bacteria or other microorganisms. Respiratory illnesses such as viral colds and influenza can become more common during the monsoon. Along with cough, sore throat, nasal congestion or a runny nose, infections may be accompanied by fever, body aches, fatigue and a general feeling of being unwell.
“A combination of fever, body aches, fatigue and worsening respiratory symptoms is more suggestive of an infection than a simple allergy. However, symptoms can overlap, so persistent or severe complaints should be evaluated by a doctor,” Dr Pataria said.
The colour or thickness of nasal mucus alone does not establish whether an infection is bacterial. Antibiotics do not work against allergies or viral infections and should not be taken without medical advice.
Key Differences
Allergies commonly cause repeated sneezing, itchy or watery eyes, an itchy nose and a clear runny nose, often linked to particular environmental triggers. Fever is generally absent.
Infections are more likely to cause fever, body aches, fatigue, sore throat, cough and an overall feeling of illness, although symptoms can vary from person to person.
Simple precautions can help reduce exposure to both allergens and infections. Keeping rooms dry and well ventilated, addressing water seepage, cleaning damp areas and washing bedding regularly can help control mould and dust mites.
Regular handwashing, covering the mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing, avoiding close contact with people who are unwell and maintaining adequate hydration can also reduce the risk of respiratory infections.
People should seek medical advice if symptoms are severe, persistent or repeatedly returning. Breathing difficulty, chest pain, prolonged or high fever, severe weakness or worsening respiratory symptoms require prompt medical evaluation.
Dr Shivraj Pataria is associated with Pataria Multispeciality Hospital on Gokhale Road, Dhanukarwadi, Kandivali West, Mumbai. For emergencies, the hospital can be contacted at +91 8655661621 and for appointments at +91 8655661619.
Editor in Chief : Mewati SItaram
